Velopedia Data Research
Bicycle Trends by Model Year
Original analysis of historical bicycle specifications and geometry in the Velopedia Bicycle Archive. Explore how frame materials, brake technology, wheel sizes, mountain-bike suspension, and frame angles changed over time.
How to read these charts: Plotted specification lines use three-year aggregate periods so isolated sparse years do not dominate the presentation. Long stretches without enough qualifying data are explicitly broken and horizontally compressed rather than connected or filled in. The expandable tables retain the annual source data.
Historical series
Frame Materials Over Time
Share of classified archive bicycles using each primary frame-material family.
Latest qualifying period: In 2025–27, carbon represented 64.3% of 1,161 classified records in the plotted period.
View annual source data
| Year | Classified | Eligible | Coverage | Steel | Aluminum | Carbon | Titanium | Other or mixed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 374 | 1,038 | 36.0% | 32.6% (122) | 39.0% (146) | 13.6% (51) | 11.0% (41) | 3.7% (14) |
| 1994 | 867 | 1,067 | 81.3% | 66.7% (578) | 17.3% (150) | 5.9% (51) | 8.2% (71) | 2.0% (17) |
| 1995 | 1,416 | 1,721 | 82.3% | 60.2% (853) | 23.3% (330) | 4.3% (61) | 9.5% (135) | 2.6% (37) |
| 1996 | 1,724 | 2,313 | 74.5% | 59.3% (1,023) | 24.9% (430) | 4.2% (73) | 8.9% (154) | 2.6% (44) |
| 1997 | 2,247 | 2,995 | 75.0% | 50.9% (1,143) | 28.5% (641) | 7.7% (172) | 11.6% (261) | 1.3% (30) |
| 1998 | 2,264 | 3,034 | 74.6% | 38.0% (861) | 37.6% (851) | 6.3% (142) | 16.0% (363) | 2.1% (47) |
| 1999 | 2,397 | 3,286 | 72.9% | 36.0% (864) | 40.2% (963) | 4.8% (116) | 17.3% (415) | 1.6% (39) |
| 2000 | 1,936 | 2,431 | 79.6% | 37.7% (729) | 48.9% (947) | 3.5% (68) | 8.0% (155) | 1.9% (37) |
| 2001 | 1,742 | 2,238 | 77.8% | 38.7% (674) | 42.3% (737) | 3.6% (63) | 13.3% (232) | 2.1% (36) |
| 2002 | 1,697 | 1,894 | 89.6% | 31.8% (540) | 44.0% (747) | 3.8% (65) | 16.4% (279) | 3.9% (66) |
| 2003 | 1,846 | 2,031 | 90.9% | 28.2% (520) | 45.3% (837) | 10.3% (191) | 10.4% (192) | 5.7% (106) |
| 2004 | 1,672 | 1,814 | 92.2% | 23.0% (385) | 55.3% (925) | 4.7% (78) | 6.2% (104) | 10.8% (180) |
| 2005 | 1,609 | 1,847 | 87.1% | 19.1% (307) | 60.9% (980) | 7.2% (116) | 6.3% (102) | 6.5% (104) |
| 2006 | 1,675 | 2,007 | 83.5% | 19.2% (322) | 61.8% (1,035) | 11.8% (198) | 1.6% (27) | 5.6% (93) |
| 2007 | 2,179 | 2,443 | 89.2% | 17.2% (374) | 64.2% (1,399) | 15.4% (336) | 0.0% (1) | 3.2% (69) |
| 2008 | 2,448 | 2,723 | 89.9% | 17.4% (425) | 62.6% (1,533) | 14.8% (363) | 0.2% (4) | 5.0% (123) |
| 2009 | 2,337 | 2,443 | 95.7% | 18.7% (438) | 61.4% (1,434) | 15.0% (351) | 0.0% (1) | 4.8% (113) |
| 2010 | 2,350 | 2,646 | 88.8% | 13.9% (327) | 63.1% (1,482) | 19.8% (466) | 0.0% (1) | 3.1% (74) |
| 2011 | 2,539 | 2,797 | 90.8% | 17.1% (433) | 63.6% (1,615) | 19.1% (485) | 0.0% (0) | 0.2% (6) |
| 2012 | 2,249 | 2,638 | 85.3% | 20.5% (462) | 56.3% (1,267) | 22.8% (513) | 0.1% (3) | 0.2% (4) |
| 2013 | 1,995 | 2,167 | 92.1% | 18.3% (365) | 59.8% (1,194) | 21.6% (431) | 0.0% (0) | 0.3% (5) |
| 2014 | 1,202 | 1,383 | 86.9% | 9.9% (119) | 60.3% (725) | 28.5% (342) | 0.0% (0) | 1.3% (16) |
| 2015 | 1,275 | 1,354 | 94.2% | 10.6% (135) | 51.1% (651) | 32.9% (420) | 1.3% (17) | 4.1% (52) |
| 2016 | 213 | 214 | 99.5% | 8.0% (17) | 54.0% (115) | 35.7% (76) | 0.0% (0) | 2.3% (5) |
| 2019 | 1 | 1 | 100.0% | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 100.0% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2020 | 3 | 3 | 100.0% | 0.0% (0) | 100.0% (3) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2021 | 58 | 62 | 93.5% | 13.8% (8) | 65.5% (38) | 20.7% (12) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2022 | 57 | 59 | 96.6% | 17.5% (10) | 70.2% (40) | 12.3% (7) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2023 | 86 | 88 | 97.7% | 0.0% (0) | 72.1% (62) | 27.9% (24) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2024 | 120 | 127 | 94.5% | 4.2% (5) | 52.5% (63) | 43.3% (52) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2025 | 255 | 267 | 95.5% | 2.7% (7) | 46.3% (118) | 50.6% (129) | 0.4% (1) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2026 | 673 | 742 | 90.7% | 1.9% (13) | 32.4% (218) | 65.5% (441) | 0.1% (1) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2027 | 233 | 242 | 96.3% | 0.0% (0) | 24.0% (56) | 76.0% (177) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
Historical series
Brake Technology Over Time
Share of classified braking systems by broad actuation and braking-surface family.
Latest qualifying period: In 2025–27, hydraulic disc represented 66.4% of 494 classified records in the plotted period.
View annual source data
| Year | Classified | Eligible | Coverage | Rim brake | Mechanical disc | Hydraulic disc | Disc, unspecified | Coaster, drum or hub |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 39 | 1,038 | 3.8% | 53.8% (21) | 0.0% (0) | 12.8% (5) | 2.6% (1) | 30.8% (12) |
| 1994 | 95 | 1,067 | 8.9% | 76.8% (73) | 0.0% (0) | 4.2% (4) | 2.1% (2) | 16.8% (16) |
| 1995 | 318 | 1,721 | 18.5% | 88.4% (281) | 0.0% (0) | 4.7% (15) | 0.6% (2) | 6.3% (20) |
| 1996 | 946 | 2,313 | 40.9% | 79.1% (748) | 0.0% (0) | 4.2% (40) | 0.8% (8) | 15.9% (150) |
| 1997 | 2,016 | 2,995 | 67.3% | 89.6% (1,807) | 0.0% (0) | 1.8% (36) | 0.4% (8) | 8.2% (165) |
| 1998 | 2,285 | 3,034 | 75.3% | 89.7% (2,049) | 0.0% (0) | 3.0% (69) | 0.4% (8) | 7.0% (159) |
| 1999 | 2,588 | 3,286 | 78.8% | 90.7% (2,348) | 1.9% (48) | 1.6% (42) | 0.8% (20) | 5.0% (130) |
| 2000 | 1,727 | 2,431 | 71.0% | 87.3% (1,508) | 0.7% (12) | 4.8% (83) | 2.3% (39) | 4.9% (85) |
| 2001 | 1,654 | 2,238 | 73.9% | 84.5% (1,398) | 2.2% (37) | 6.3% (104) | 0.5% (8) | 6.5% (107) |
| 2002 | 1,468 | 1,894 | 77.5% | 82.1% (1,205) | 4.2% (62) | 7.6% (111) | 0.7% (11) | 5.4% (79) |
| 2003 | 1,697 | 2,031 | 83.6% | 77.8% (1,321) | 4.8% (81) | 9.1% (154) | 1.7% (29) | 6.6% (112) |
| 2004 | 1,517 | 1,814 | 83.6% | 68.7% (1,042) | 6.7% (101) | 12.9% (195) | 2.9% (44) | 8.9% (135) |
| 2005 | 1,226 | 1,847 | 66.4% | 61.7% (757) | 8.5% (104) | 10.7% (131) | 9.5% (117) | 9.5% (117) |
| 2006 | 1,312 | 2,007 | 65.4% | 64.9% (851) | 7.2% (94) | 10.1% (132) | 8.2% (107) | 9.8% (128) |
| 2007 | 1,412 | 2,443 | 57.8% | 44.5% (629) | 7.1% (100) | 7.1% (100) | 24.5% (346) | 16.8% (237) |
| 2008 | 1,631 | 2,723 | 59.9% | 45.5% (742) | 5.3% (87) | 16.1% (262) | 20.4% (332) | 12.8% (208) |
| 2009 | 1,834 | 2,443 | 75.1% | 49.4% (906) | 5.1% (93) | 18.3% (336) | 14.7% (270) | 12.5% (229) |
| 2010 | 1,634 | 2,646 | 61.8% | 44.4% (725) | 9.7% (158) | 19.0% (310) | 16.3% (266) | 10.7% (175) |
| 2011 | 1,059 | 2,797 | 37.9% | 65.3% (692) | 8.0% (85) | 12.4% (131) | 5.2% (55) | 9.1% (96) |
| 2012 | 1,255 | 2,638 | 47.6% | 55.4% (695) | 5.8% (73) | 11.1% (139) | 9.0% (113) | 18.7% (235) |
| 2013 | 753 | 2,167 | 34.7% | 78.5% (591) | 1.9% (14) | 0.0% (0) | 3.1% (23) | 16.6% (125) |
| 2014 | 631 | 1,383 | 45.6% | 53.2% (336) | 0.8% (5) | 9.2% (58) | 28.8% (182) | 7.9% (50) |
| 2015 | 740 | 1,354 | 54.7% | 38.8% (287) | 7.6% (56) | 44.9% (332) | 3.8% (28) | 5.0% (37) |
| 2016 | 126 | 214 | 58.9% | 28.6% (36) | 15.1% (19) | 55.6% (70) | 0.8% (1) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2020 | 3 | 3 | 100.0% | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 100.0% (3) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2021 | 59 | 62 | 95.2% | 20.3% (12) | 16.9% (10) | 49.2% (29) | 0.0% (0) | 13.6% (8) |
| 2022 | 45 | 59 | 76.3% | 28.9% (13) | 15.6% (7) | 53.3% (24) | 0.0% (0) | 2.2% (1) |
| 2023 | 57 | 88 | 64.8% | 10.5% (6) | 12.3% (7) | 59.6% (34) | 17.5% (10) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2024 | 68 | 127 | 53.5% | 5.9% (4) | 5.9% (4) | 82.4% (56) | 5.9% (4) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2025 | 160 | 267 | 59.9% | 10.0% (16) | 6.9% (11) | 69.4% (111) | 13.8% (22) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2026 | 232 | 742 | 31.3% | 8.6% (20) | 3.4% (8) | 65.9% (153) | 22.0% (51) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2027 | 102 | 242 | 42.1% | 20.6% (21) | 4.9% (5) | 62.7% (64) | 11.8% (12) | 0.0% (0) |
Historical series
Wheel-Size Adoption Over Time
Share of classified archive bicycles using the most common nominal wheel-size families.
Latest qualifying period: In 2025–27, 29 inch represented 39.4% of 723 classified records in the plotted period.
View annual source data
| Year | Classified | Eligible | Coverage | 700C | 29 inch | 27.5 / 650B | 26 inch | 24 inch | 20 inch | Mixed wheel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 624 | 1,038 | 60.1% | 38.1% (238) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 57.5% (359) | 1.4% (9) | 2.9% (18) | 0.0% (0) |
| 1994 | 587 | 1,067 | 55.0% | 38.7% (227) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 53.7% (315) | 3.4% (20) | 3.6% (21) | 0.7% (4) |
| 1995 | 1,636 | 1,721 | 95.1% | 21.1% (345) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 63.4% (1,038) | 3.0% (49) | 10.7% (175) | 1.8% (29) |
| 1996 | 2,216 | 2,313 | 95.8% | 31.8% (704) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 55.1% (1,220) | 2.9% (64) | 8.9% (197) | 1.4% (31) |
| 1997 | 2,842 | 2,995 | 94.9% | 24.8% (704) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 57.2% (1,625) | 3.0% (84) | 14.0% (397) | 1.1% (32) |
| 1998 | 2,717 | 3,034 | 89.6% | 20.5% (556) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 62.6% (1,701) | 2.8% (75) | 13.5% (368) | 0.6% (17) |
| 1999 | 2,598 | 3,286 | 79.1% | 18.4% (479) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 63.9% (1,661) | 2.5% (65) | 14.0% (363) | 1.2% (30) |
| 2000 | 2,149 | 2,431 | 88.4% | 21.8% (468) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 58.3% (1,253) | 2.7% (57) | 15.1% (324) | 2.2% (47) |
| 2001 | 1,883 | 2,238 | 84.1% | 30.1% (566) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 46.0% (866) | 3.6% (68) | 17.6% (331) | 2.8% (52) |
| 2002 | 1,607 | 1,894 | 84.8% | 37.0% (595) | 0.1% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 41.5% (667) | 3.5% (56) | 14.7% (237) | 3.1% (50) |
| 2003 | 1,810 | 2,031 | 89.1% | 39.8% (720) | 0.3% (6) | 0.0% (0) | 39.1% (708) | 2.7% (49) | 16.0% (290) | 2.0% (37) |
| 2004 | 1,734 | 1,814 | 95.6% | 39.6% (687) | 0.1% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 39.4% (683) | 3.6% (62) | 15.7% (273) | 1.6% (27) |
| 2005 | 1,742 | 1,847 | 94.3% | 37.7% (656) | 0.3% (5) | 0.0% (0) | 44.9% (783) | 3.5% (61) | 12.5% (217) | 1.1% (20) |
| 2006 | 1,843 | 2,007 | 91.8% | 37.1% (683) | 0.5% (9) | 0.0% (0) | 45.0% (830) | 3.4% (62) | 12.9% (237) | 1.2% (22) |
| 2007 | 2,263 | 2,443 | 92.6% | 37.3% (844) | 1.9% (42) | 0.0% (0) | 46.2% (1,046) | 4.2% (96) | 9.9% (225) | 0.4% (10) |
| 2008 | 2,459 | 2,723 | 90.3% | 36.6% (899) | 3.5% (86) | 0.0% (0) | 41.8% (1,027) | 4.4% (107) | 13.3% (328) | 0.5% (12) |
| 2009 | 2,361 | 2,443 | 96.6% | 40.0% (944) | 3.5% (82) | 0.0% (0) | 38.8% (916) | 4.2% (99) | 13.3% (314) | 0.3% (6) |
| 2010 | 2,453 | 2,646 | 92.7% | 47.3% (1,161) | 3.8% (93) | 0.0% (0) | 37.1% (910) | 3.0% (74) | 8.7% (213) | 0.1% (2) |
| 2011 | 2,616 | 2,797 | 93.5% | 47.7% (1,248) | 6.9% (180) | 0.0% (0) | 32.7% (856) | 4.0% (105) | 8.6% (224) | 0.1% (3) |
| 2012 | 2 | 2,638 | 0.1% | 0.0% (0) | 50.0% (1) | 50.0% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2014 | 75 | 1,383 | 5.4% | 70.7% (53) | 6.7% (5) | 0.0% (0) | 4.0% (3) | 6.7% (5) | 12.0% (9) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2015 | 1,182 | 1,354 | 87.3% | 50.4% (596) | 20.6% (243) | 11.8% (139) | 8.2% (97) | 3.0% (35) | 4.1% (48) | 2.0% (24) |
| 2016 | 204 | 214 | 95.3% | 55.9% (114) | 8.8% (18) | 13.2% (27) | 8.8% (18) | 2.5% (5) | 4.4% (9) | 6.4% (13) |
| 2019 | 1 | 1 | 100.0% | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 100.0% (1) |
| 2020 | 3 | 3 | 100.0% | 33.3% (1) | 0.0% (0) | 66.7% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) | 0.0% (0) |
| 2021 | 51 | 62 | 82.3% | 7.8% (4) | 21.6% (11) | 47.1% (24) | 11.8% (6) | 5.9% (3) | 2.0% (1) | 3.9% (2) |
| 2022 | 31 | 59 | 52.5% | 32.3% (10) | 6.5% (2) | 22.6% (7) | 6.5% (2) | 6.5% (2) | 0.0% (0) | 25.8% (8) |
| 2023 | 46 | 88 | 52.3% | 15.2% (7) | 34.8% (16) | 10.9% (5) | 6.5% (3) | 4.3% (2) | 6.5% (3) | 21.7% (10) |
| 2024 | 78 | 127 | 61.4% | 26.9% (21) | 25.6% (20) | 7.7% (6) | 1.3% (1) | 2.6% (2) | 3.8% (3) | 32.1% (25) |
| 2025 | 153 | 267 | 57.3% | 23.5% (36) | 24.8% (38) | 4.6% (7) | 3.9% (6) | 3.9% (6) | 3.3% (5) | 35.9% (55) |
| 2026 | 436 | 742 | 58.8% | 25.9% (113) | 43.8% (191) | 6.9% (30) | 1.8% (8) | 1.1% (5) | 0.5% (2) | 20.0% (87) |
| 2027 | 134 | 242 | 55.4% | 40.3% (54) | 41.8% (56) | 2.2% (3) | 2.2% (3) | 0.7% (1) | 1.5% (2) | 11.2% (15) |
Historical series
Mountain-Bike Suspension Formats
Share of classified mountain-bike records identified as rigid, hardtail or full suspension.
Latest qualifying period: In 2025–27, full suspension represented 81.7% of 627 classified records in the plotted period.
View annual source data
| Year | Classified | Eligible | Coverage | Rigid | Hardtail | Full suspension |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 202 | 570 | 35.4% | 0.0% (0) | 79.7% (161) | 20.3% (41) |
| 1994 | 240 | 561 | 42.8% | 0.0% (0) | 82.1% (197) | 17.9% (43) |
| 1995 | 627 | 1,031 | 60.8% | 0.0% (0) | 75.1% (471) | 24.9% (156) |
| 1996 | 790 | 1,154 | 68.5% | 0.0% (0) | 71.1% (562) | 28.9% (228) |
| 1997 | 1,219 | 1,547 | 78.8% | 0.0% (0) | 65.1% (793) | 34.9% (426) |
| 1998 | 1,440 | 1,642 | 87.7% | 0.0% (0) | 55.2% (795) | 44.8% (645) |
| 1999 | 1,768 | 1,930 | 91.6% | 0.3% (5) | 61.1% (1,080) | 38.6% (683) |
| 2000 | 1,184 | 1,303 | 90.9% | 0.0% (0) | 64.1% (759) | 35.9% (425) |
| 2001 | 781 | 871 | 89.7% | 0.0% (0) | 55.2% (431) | 44.8% (350) |
| 2002 | 611 | 687 | 88.9% | 0.0% (0) | 50.9% (311) | 49.1% (300) |
| 2003 | 545 | 604 | 90.2% | 0.0% (0) | 49.5% (270) | 50.5% (275) |
| 2004 | 552 | 590 | 93.6% | 0.0% (0) | 49.1% (271) | 50.9% (281) |
| 2005 | 621 | 657 | 94.5% | 0.0% (0) | 50.2% (312) | 49.8% (309) |
| 2006 | 713 | 745 | 95.7% | 0.0% (0) | 49.8% (355) | 50.2% (358) |
| 2007 | 826 | 861 | 95.9% | 0.8% (7) | 53.0% (438) | 46.1% (381) |
| 2008 | 864 | 884 | 97.7% | 0.6% (5) | 53.6% (463) | 45.8% (396) |
| 2009 | 779 | 797 | 97.7% | 0.4% (3) | 55.6% (433) | 44.0% (343) |
| 2010 | 850 | 868 | 97.9% | 0.6% (5) | 54.9% (467) | 44.5% (378) |
| 2011 | 904 | 940 | 96.2% | 0.8% (7) | 54.8% (495) | 44.5% (402) |
| 2012 | 681 | 843 | 80.8% | 0.4% (3) | 41.6% (283) | 58.0% (395) |
| 2013 | 626 | 626 | 100.0% | 0.0% (0) | 54.6% (342) | 45.4% (284) |
| 2014 | 191 | 191 | 100.0% | 0.0% (0) | 57.1% (109) | 42.9% (82) |
| 2015 | 491 | 510 | 96.3% | 0.0% (0) | 43.0% (211) | 57.0% (280) |
| 2016 | 61 | 67 | 91.0% | 0.0% (0) | 42.6% (26) | 57.4% (35) |
| 2021 | 24 | 27 | 88.9% | 0.0% (0) | 45.8% (11) | 54.2% (13) |
| 2022 | 13 | 17 | 76.5% | 0.0% (0) | 61.5% (8) | 38.5% (5) |
| 2023 | 41 | 43 | 95.3% | 0.0% (0) | 22.0% (9) | 78.0% (32) |
| 2024 | 51 | 54 | 94.4% | 0.0% (0) | 19.6% (10) | 80.4% (41) |
| 2025 | 113 | 126 | 89.7% | 2.7% (3) | 31.9% (36) | 65.5% (74) |
| 2026 | 394 | 409 | 96.3% | 0.0% (0) | 16.8% (66) | 83.2% (328) |
| 2027 | 120 | 123 | 97.6% | 0.0% (0) | 8.3% (10) | 91.7% (110) |
Geometry through time
Geometry Evolution
Select a bicycle family to see how its frame-angle distribution changed across qualifying archive periods. The vertical bands show the middle 50% of geometries; the line connects period medians only where adjacent periods have data.
The median head angle moved from 71.0° in 1993–94 (n=544) to 64.5° in 2025–27 (n=246).
The median seat angle moved from 73.0° in 1993–94 (n=528) to 76.5° in 2025–27 (n=231).
Head-tube angle
Lower is slacker. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
Seat-tube angle
Higher is steeper. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
View annual geometry source data for Mountain
| Year | Head angle median | Head middle 50% | n | Seat angle median | Seat middle 50% | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 271 | 71.0° | 71.0–73.0° | 269 |
| 1994 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.5° | 273 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 259 |
| 1995 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.3° | 379 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 372 |
| 1996 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.5° | 433 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 428 |
| 1997 | 71.0° | 70.8–71.2° | 381 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 380 |
| 1998 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 349 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 346 |
| 1999 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 261 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 261 |
| 2000 | 71.0° | 70.0–71.0° | 143 | 73.0° | 72.6–73.0° | 142 |
| 2001 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 194 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 193 |
| 2002 | 71.0° | 70.0–71.0° | 200 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 194 |
| 2003 | 71.0° | 70.2–71.0° | 179 | 73.0° | 72.5–73.5° | 172 |
| 2004 | 71.0° | 70.0–71.0° | 121 | 73.0° | 72.5–73.5° | 121 |
| 2005 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 15 | 73.0° | 72.9–73.3° | 15 |
| 2006 | 69.0° | 67.0–70.5° | 23 | 72.5° | 70.0–73.0° | 23 |
| 2021 | 66.8° | 65.0–67.4° | 18 | 74.8° | 73.5–75.5° | 18 |
| 2022 | 68.0° | 66.7–68.7° | 12 | 74.2° | 74.0–75.6° | 12 |
| 2023 | 64.6° | 64.0–65.8° | 26 | 76.9° | 75.0–77.3° | 26 |
| 2024 | 65.0° | 64.3–66.6° | 25 | 76.7° | 74.3–77.3° | 25 |
| 2025 | 64.7° | 64.0–66.5° | 66 | 76.5° | 74.8–77.3° | 66 |
| 2026 | 64.6° | 64.0–66.2° | 132 | 76.5° | 75.1–77.0° | 116 |
| 2027 | 64.5° | 64.0–65.4° | 48 | 76.5° | 75.9–77.5° | 49 |
The median head angle moved from 73.0° in 1993–94 (n=243) to 72.5° in 2025–27 (n=86).
The median seat angle moved from 73.0° in 1993–94 (n=239) to 73.6° in 2025–27 (n=85).
Head-tube angle
Lower is slacker. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
Seat-tube angle
Higher is steeper. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
View annual geometry source data for Road
| Year | Head angle median | Head middle 50% | n | Seat angle median | Seat middle 50% | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 118 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 117 |
| 1994 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 125 | 73.1° | 73.0–73.5° | 122 |
| 1995 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 111 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 105 |
| 1996 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 142 | 73.0° | 73.0–74.0° | 140 |
| 1997 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 135 | 73.0° | 73.0–74.0° | 133 |
| 1998 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 138 | 73.5° | 73.0–74.0° | 137 |
| 1999 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 108 | 73.5° | 73.0–74.0° | 106 |
| 2000 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 74 | 73.5° | 73.0–73.5° | 66 |
| 2001 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 92 | 73.5° | 73.0–74.0° | 92 |
| 2002 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 113 | 73.5° | 73.0–73.8° | 113 |
| 2003 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 120 | 73.1° | 73.0–73.5° | 120 |
| 2004 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 103 | 73.5° | 73.0–73.8° | 103 |
| 2005 | 73.0° | 72.6–73.5° | 31 | 73.5° | 73.0–76.0° | 31 |
| 2006 | 72.5° | 72.5–72.8° | 3 | 73.5° | 73.3–74.3° | 3 |
| 2019 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.0° | 1 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 1 |
| 2022 | 72.0° | 72.0–72.0° | 5 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.3° | 5 |
| 2023 | 72.3° | 71.7–72.8° | 2 | 73.6° | 73.6–73.7° | 2 |
| 2024 | 72.0° | 71.5–73.0° | 10 | 74.0° | 73.7–74.0° | 10 |
| 2025 | 72.4° | 72.0–73.0° | 16 | 73.8° | 73.4–74.0° | 16 |
| 2026 | 72.5° | 72.0–73.0° | 49 | 74.0° | 73.5–74.1° | 48 |
| 2027 | 72.5° | 72.0–73.0° | 21 | 73.5° | 73.5–74.0° | 21 |
The median head angle moved from 72.3° in 1995–97 (n=14) to 71.0° in 2025–27 (n=88).
The median seat angle moved from 73.0° in 1995–97 (n=13) to 73.5° in 2025–27 (n=86).
Head-tube angle
Lower is slacker. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
Seat-tube angle
Higher is steeper. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
View annual geometry source data for Gravel / cyclocross
| Year | Head angle median | Head middle 50% | n | Seat angle median | Seat middle 50% | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1995 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 1 | 74.0° | 74.0–74.0° | 1 |
| 1996 | 72.3° | 72.0–72.5° | 6 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 5 |
| 1997 | 72.0° | 72.0–72.8° | 7 | 73.0° | 72.9–73.3° | 7 |
| 1998 | 72.0° | 72.0–72.9° | 18 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 18 |
| 1999 | 72.3° | 72.0–73.0° | 16 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 16 |
| 2000 | 72.0° | 72.0–73.0° | 8 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 8 |
| 2001 | 72.5° | 72.0–72.8° | 19 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 19 |
| 2002 | 72.0° | 72.0–73.0° | 18 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 18 |
| 2003 | 72.0° | 72.0–72.5° | 9 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 9 |
| 2004 | 72.0° | 72.0–72.5° | 9 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 9 |
| 2022 | 71.0° | 70.3–71.4° | 12 | 73.1° | 72.9–73.5° | 12 |
| 2023 | 70.0° | 69.5–71.5° | 9 | 73.5° | 73.5–74.0° | 9 |
| 2024 | 71.0° | 70.6–71.5° | 14 | 73.5° | 73.0–74.0° | 14 |
| 2025 | 71.0° | 69.6–71.5° | 30 | 73.5° | 73.5–74.0° | 29 |
| 2026 | 71.0° | 70.0–71.5° | 49 | 73.5° | 73.2–74.0° | 48 |
| 2027 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 9 | 73.5° | 73.5–74.0° | 9 |
The median head angle moved from 71.5° in 1993–94 (n=169) to 70.0° in 2025–27 (n=60).
The median seat angle moved from 73.0° in 1993–94 (n=168) to 73.5° in 2025–27 (n=56).
Head-tube angle
Lower is slacker. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
Seat-tube angle
Higher is steeper. Range band = middle 50%; point = median.
View annual geometry source data for Touring / hybrid / city
| Year | Head angle median | Head middle 50% | n | Seat angle median | Seat middle 50% | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 71.5° | 71.0–72.0° | 85 | 72.0° | 71.0–73.0° | 84 |
| 1994 | 71.8° | 71.0–72.0° | 84 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.2° | 84 |
| 1995 | 71.0° | 71.0–72.0° | 52 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 49 |
| 1996 | 71.0° | 71.0–72.0° | 59 | 73.0° | 72.8–73.5° | 59 |
| 1997 | 71.0° | 71.0–72.0° | 63 | 73.0° | 72.9–73.0° | 63 |
| 1998 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.0° | 55 | 73.0° | 72.9–73.8° | 55 |
| 1999 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.0° | 57 | 73.0° | 73.0–74.0° | 57 |
| 2000 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.5° | 42 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 41 |
| 2001 | 71.0° | 71.0–71.5° | 56 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 56 |
| 2002 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.0° | 90 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 90 |
| 2003 | 71.0° | 70.7–71.0° | 99 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 99 |
| 2004 | 71.0° | 70.5–71.5° | 51 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.5° | 51 |
| 2005 | 72.0° | 72.0–72.0° | 3 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 3 |
| 2020 | 70.5° | 70.3–70.8° | 2 | 73.3° | 73.1–73.4° | 2 |
| 2021 | 70.5° | 68.5–71.0° | 11 | 71.0° | 68.5–71.5° | 11 |
| 2022 | 70.5° | 70.1–70.9° | 10 | 73.0° | 73.0–73.0° | 10 |
| 2023 | 70.0° | 68.3–70.0° | 12 | 73.5° | 73.4–74.0° | 12 |
| 2024 | 69.0° | 68.4–69.8° | 15 | 73.5° | 72.5–74.0° | 15 |
| 2025 | 70.5° | 69.3–71.0° | 22 | 73.8° | 73.0–74.0° | 20 |
| 2026 | 70.0° | 69.0–71.0° | 25 | 73.5° | 73.0–74.0° | 24 |
| 2027 | 69.0° | 68.0–70.0° | 13 | 73.8° | 72.8–74.0° | 12 |
Research notes
Methodology and limitations
Archive scope
Only visible Velopedia Bicycle Archive records with a valid model year are evaluated. Hidden review records are excluded from every aggregate.
Gap-aware periods
Public charts aggregate nearby years into three-year periods. Periods below the disclosed sample threshold are not plotted. Long missing stretches are broken and visually compressed; Velopedia does not interpolate or draw a line through absent evidence.
Classification
Canonical specification fields are normalized into broad families. Blank, ambiguous, or unrecognized values are not forced into a category and reduce the disclosed coverage rate.
Geometry
Geometry Evolution uses one representative chassis reference per published geometry set and deduplicates identical chassis signatures within a model year and bicycle family. Each plotted period shows the median and middle 50% range. Legacy MDF geometry is model-level with an unidentified frame size, so public historical comparisons remain limited to head and seat angles rather than size-dependent dimensions such as reach, top tube or wheelbase.
Percentages
Each specification category is divided by classified records in that period and dimension. It is not a measure of unit sales or production volume.
What this represents
The charts describe models documented in Velopedia. Historical catalog coverage varies by brand and period, so these are archive trends rather than a census of the bicycle industry.
The expandable tables preserve annual observations even when those years are too sparse for the public chart. A visible axis break means the chart intentionally skipped an interval with insufficient qualifying evidence; it does not mean the underlying value stayed flat across that interval.