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E-Bike Systems

Motors, batteries, controllers, electronic drivetrains, and the integrated systems behind modern electric bicycles.

20 technical entries

Technical entry

Cadence Sensor

A cadence sensor detects crank rotation in an e-bike pedal-assist system. It tells the controller when the rider is […]

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Technical entry

Pedal Assist (PAS)

Pedal assist, commonly abbreviated PAS, is an e-bike control system that activates the motor in response to the rider […]

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Torque Sensor

A torque sensor measures twisting force within an e-bike’s pedal or drivetrain system. The controller combines this signal with […]

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Hub Motor

A hub motor is an electric drive unit built into the front or rear wheel hub of an e-bike. […]

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Mid-Drive Motor

A mid-drive motor is an e-bike drive unit positioned near the bottom bracket that sends rider and motor power […]

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Shimano STEPS

Shimano STEPS—originally short for Shimano Total Electric Power System—is Shimano’s integrated e-bike component platform. The name has covered more […]

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Technical entry

Bosch Performance Line

Bosch Performance Line is a mid-drive e-bike motor family designed primarily for commuting, trekking, touring, and general-purpose riding. The […]

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Technical entries are one part of bicycle knowledge for the life of the bike. Discover bicycles in the Archive, use the Encyclopedia to understand them, then carry useful context into Bike Reports or My Garage.

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